Akufo-Addo Calls for Security Council Reform

Akufo-Addo Calls for Security Council Reform, Describing Current Structure as Outdated and Unrepresentative at UN General Assembly

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During his speech at the 78th session of the UN General Assembly, President Nana Akufo-Addo of Ghana made a strong case for reforming the United Nations Security Council, arguing that its current structure is outdated and does not reflect the realities of today’s global order. He emphasized the need for a more inclusive and representative body that can address modern challenges.

Akufo-Addo pointed out that the Security Council, created in 1945, still mirrors the post-World War II power dynamics, with only five permanent members—the United States, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, and France—holding veto power. He remarked that, while these nations once dominated the global stage, the geopolitical landscape has shifted significantly, with regions such as Africa, Latin America, and South Asia playing increasingly important roles. However, these regions remain underrepresented, a situation that Akufo-Addo described as “incomprehensible.”

The President reiterated his support for the Ezulwini Consensus, which advocates for two permanent seats for Africa on the Security Council, complete with veto power, along with five non-permanent seats. He expressed satisfaction that world leaders like President Joe Biden of the United States and President Emmanuel Macron of France have recognized the need for reform, and he urged other permanent members to follow suit.

Akufo-Addo criticized the Security Council’s lack of decisive action during recent global crises, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the conflict in Gaza, asking, “What is the purpose of the Security Council if it cannot intervene when the world needs it most?” He argued that true peace can only be achieved by addressing the root causes of conflict—poverty, inequality, and lack of opportunity—through investments in education, healthcare, and economic development.

As his presidency nears its end, Akufo-Addo reaffirmed his commitment to a fairer world and stressed the importance of a Security Council that is more inclusive and democratic. He warned that the Council’s current structure undermines its legitimacy, as the veto power of a few permanent members often paralyzes its ability to act during crises.

His call for Security Council reform comes at a time when the effectiveness of multilateral institutions like the UN is under increasing scrutiny amid rising geopolitical tensions. He also highlighted Ghana’s contributions to global peacekeeping efforts, particularly in Africa, and expressed hope that the international community would do more to support such missions.

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